Bibliography

Any reading list on the history of paragraphy is bound to be short, as the field remains under-researched. The following bibliography on stemmata includes most of the books quoted on this website, but only a few comment directly on stemmata design per se:

On stemmata, the vital texts are Klapisch-Zuber's L'ombre and Zaluska's Les feuillets liminaires, both in French. Two articles in German predate these. That by Wirth is relatively brief in its discussion of stemmata, but offers many wise comments. That by Melville has a medievalist bias and in my view unfairly discounts earlier influences. Murdoch's description is the only visitation of the topic in English, other than Gorman's study of the stemmata in the work of Cassiodorus and Watson's now obsolete hypothesis that the Tree of Jesse image somehow influenced the stemma diagram.

The primary sources on this page are mainly critical editions, not all of which adequately reproduce the paragraphy of the ancient writers. While the handwriting of manuscripts, their micro-typography so to speak, is generally well described in catalogues and reports, text-layout features - apart from column heights and widths - are often neglected in scholarly descriptions.

This bibliography does not include any manuscripts, since these are described in tabular fashion on other pages. All the entries on this page can be captured using the bibliographic software Zotero.

Books Containing Stemmata

Blair, C. H. Hunter, ed., 'A Visitation of the North of England circa 1480-1500', in Visitations of the North, Part III, The Publications of the Surtees Society, 144, 3 vols (Durham: Andrews, 1930), iii. PDF (7MB): Boynton.  

Boethius, ‘Commentarii In Porphyrium A Se Translatum’, in Manlii Severini Boetii opera omnia, ed. by Jacques-Paul Migne, Patrologia Latina, 64 (Paris: Migne, 1847). Online: Documenta Catholica Omnia.  

Boethius, and Samuel Brandt, Anicii Manlii Severini Boethii In Isagogen Porphyrii Commenta, Corpus Scriptorum Ecclesiasticorum Latinorum (Vienna: Tempsky, 1906), xlviii.  

Cassiodorus, and Wolfgang Bürsgens, Institutiones Divinarum et Saecularium Litterarum = Einführung in die geistlichen und weltlichen Wissenschaften (Freiburg-im-Breisgau [Germany]: Herder, 2003).  

Cassiodorus, and James W. Halporn, Institutions of Divine and Secular Learning (Liverpool: University Press, 1992).  

Cassiodorus, and Leslie Webber Jones, An Introduction to Divine and Human Readings (New York: Columbia University Press, 1946).  

Cassiodorus, and R.A.B. Mynors, Cassiodori Senatoris Institutiones (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1961).  

Dendy, Frederick Walter, ed., Visitations of the North, Part II, The Publications of the Surtees Society, 133 (Durham: Andrews, 1921). PDF (11MB): Boynton.  

Isidore, and Stephen A. Barney, Etymologies of Isidore of Seville (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2006).  

Isidore, and Wallace Martin Lindsay, Isidori Hispalensis Episcopi Etymologiarvm sive originvm libri XX (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1911). Internet Archive Ebook and Texts.  

Secondary Literature

Ayuso Marazuela, Teófilo, ‘La Bíblia Visigótica de San Isídoro de León’, Estudios Bíblicos, 19-20 (1960-61), 5-24, 167-200, 271-309; 5-43, 243-259, 359-406.  

---, ‘Los elementos extrabíblicos de la Vulgata’, Estudios Bíblicos, 2 (1943), 133-187.  

Esmeijer, Anna Catharina, Divina Quaternitas: a preliminary study in the method and application of visual exegesis, trans. with assistance of D.A.S. Reid (Assen: Van Gorcum, 1978).  

Findlater, Alex, ‘True or False Gentility? Talk on Visitations to the Somerset Heraldry Society’, Somerset Archaeological and Natural History Society Newsletter, 2004. Online: SANHS.

Fischer, Bonifatius, ‘Bibelausgaben des frühen Mittelalters’, in La Bibbia nell'alto medioevo, Settimane di studio del Centro Italiano di Studi sull'Alto Medioevo, Rist. anastatica (Spoleto [Italy]: Presso la Sede del Centro, 1963).  

---, ed., ‘Nachträge’, in Genesis, 4 vols, Vetus Latina: die Reste der altlateinischen Bibel, 2 (Freiburg-im-Breisgau [Germany]: Herder, 1954), iv.  

---, ‘Zur Überlieferung altlateinischer Bibeltexte im Mittelalter’, Nederlands archief voor kerkgeschiedenis, 56 (1975), 19. Periodicals Archive Online.  

Frick, Carl, Chronica minora (Leipzig: B. G. Teubner, 1892).  

Gorman, Michael, ‘The diagrams in the oldest manuscript of Cassiodor's Institutiones’, Revue bénédictine, 2000, 27-41.  

Grumel, Venance, La Chronologie (Paris: Presses Univ. de France, 1958).  

James, M.R., ‘Inventiones Nominum’, Journal of Theological Studies, os-IV (1903), 218-244. Online: Oxford Journals.  

Julius Africanus, and Martin Wallraff, Chronographiae: the extant fragments, trans. by William Adler, Die griechischen christlichen Schriftsteller des ersten Jahrhunderte; N.F., 15 (Berlin: de Gruyter, 2007).  

Klapisch-Zuber, Christiane, L'arbre des familles (Paris: Éd. de La Martinière, 2003).  

---, L'ombre des ancêtres (Paris: Fayard, 2000).  

Lagarde, Paul de, ‘Septuaginta Studien II ... am 7 Juni 1890 vorgelegt’, Abhandlungen der historisch-philologischen Klasse der königlichen Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen, 38 (1892), 3-102. Online: Göttinger Digitalisierungszentrum.  

Lagrange, M.-J., Évangile selon Saint Luc, Études Bibliques, 8th edn (Paris: Gabalda, 1948). Internet Archive Ebook and Texts.  

Melville, Gert, ‘Geschichte in graphischer Gestalt. Beobachtungen zu einer spätmittelalterlichen Darstellungsweise’, in Geschichtsschreibung und Geschichtesbewusstsein im späten Mittelalter, ed. by Hans Patze, Vorträge und Forschungen / Konstanzer Arbeitskreis für Mittelalterliche Geschichte, 31 (Sigmaringen [Germany]: Thorbecke, 1987), pp. 57-154.  

Mommsen, Theodor, ed., ‘Additamentum II to the Chronographus anni CCCLIIII’, in Chronicorum minororum saec. IV. V. VI. VII, Monumenta Germaniae Historica (MGH), Auctores Antiquissimi (AA), 9 (Berlin: Weidmann, 1892), i. MGH Digital.  

Monceaux, Paul, Littérature donatiste au temps de Saint Augustin, Histoire littéraire de l'Afrique chrétienne depuis les origines jusqu'à l'invasion arabe (Paris: Éditions Ernest Leroux, 1922), vi. Internet Archive Ebook and Texts.  

Murdoch, John E., Album of Science: Antiquity and the Middle Ages (New York: Scribner, 1984).  

Nestle, Eberhard, ‘Samgar’, Zeitschrift für die alttestamentliche Wissenschaft, 1912, 152-153. de Gruyter Reference Global.  

Neuss, Wilhelm, Die Apokalypse des Hl. Johannes in der altspanischen und altchristlichen Bibel-Illustration: das Problem der Beatus-Handschriften (Münster [Germany]: Aschendorf, 1931).  

Orofino, Giulia, ‘Da Montecassino a Nonantola: La tradizione illustrativa delle Institutiones di Cassiodoro’, in Il monachesimo italiano dall’età longobarda all’età ottoniana (secc. VIII-X), Convegno, Nonantola, 9-13 September 2003. Online: Università degli Studi di Cassino.  

Schadt, Hermann, Die Darstellungen der Arbores Consanguinitatis und der Arbores Affinitatis: Bildschemata in juristischen Handschriften. (Tübingen [Germany]: Wasmuth, 1982).  

Tscherpel, Gudrun, Importance of being noble: Genealogie im Alltag des englischen Hochadels in Spätmittelalter und Früher Neuzeit (Husum [Germany]: Matthiesen, 2004).  

Verasanso, Janet, ‘The Staffordshire Heraldic Visitations: Their Nature and Function’, Midland History, XXVI (2001), 128-43.  

Wallraff, Martin, ed., Julius Africanus und die christliche Weltchronistik. Texte und Untersuchungen zur Geschichte der altchristlichen Literatur (Berlin: de Gruyter, 2006).  

Watson, Arthur, The Early Iconography of the Tree of Jesse (London: Oxford University Press, H. Milford, 1934).  

Williams, John, ‘Introduction and Commentary’, in A Spanish Apocalypse: the Morgan Beatus Manuscript, ed. by John Williams and Barbara A. Shailor (New York: G. Braziller in association with the Pierpont Morgan Library, 1991).  

---, The Illustrated Beatus. A Corpus of the Illustrations of the Commentary on the Apocalypse, 5 vols (London: Harvey Miller, 1994).  

Wirth, Karl-August, ‘Von mittelalterlichen Bildern und Lehrfiguren im Dienste der Schule und des Unterrichts’, in Studien zum städischen Bildungswesen des späten Mittelalters und der frühen Neuzeit, ed. by Bernd Moeller, Hans Patze and Karl Stackmann, Abhandlungen der Akademie der Wissenschaften in Göttingen: Philologisch-Historische Klasse; Folge 3, 137 (Göttingen [Germany]: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1983), pp. 256-370.  

Zaluska, Yolanta, ‘Entre texte et image: les stemmata bibliques au Sud et au Nord des Pyrénées’, Bulletin de la Societé nationale des antiquaires de France, 1986, 142-152.  

---, ‘Le Beatus de Saint-Sever à travers sa composition matérielle et ses généalogies bibliques’, in Saint-Sever, millénaire de l'abbaye: colloque international, 25, 26 et 27 mai 1985, ed. by Jean Cabanot (Mont-de-Marsan [France]: Comité d'études sur l'histoire et l'art de la Gascogne, 1986), pp. 279-292.  

---, ‘Les feuillets liminaires’, in El Beato de Saint-Sever, ms. lat. 8878 de la Bibliothèque nationale de Paris (Madrid: Edílan, 1984).  

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